Virtual Private Gateway (VGW) in AWS cannot connect multiple VPCs directly. It is designed to connect a single VPC to an on-premises network over a VPN connection or Direct Connect link.
However, there are several ways to achieve connectivity between multiple VPCs, including using a Virtual Private Gateway as part of a larger solution. Here are the most common methods:
1. Transit Gateway
- The AWS Transit Gateway allows you to connect multiple VPCs to a central gateway. It acts as a hub for inter-VPC communication and can connect VPCs across different regions, along with on-premises networks via Direct Connect or VPN.
- A Transit Gateway can replace multiple peering connections and simplify network management.
2. VPC Peering
- You can peer VPCs with each other. VPC Peering connects two VPCs, allowing them to route traffic between each other. This can be used for VPC-to-VPC communication, but it’s one-to-one (i.e., one peering connection per VPC pair).
- If you need to connect more than two VPCs, you’d need to create additional peering connections between the VPCs.
3. VPN with Multiple VPCs
- Although the Virtual Private Gateway connects only one VPC to a VPN or Direct Connect, you can set up a VPN connection between each VPC and the on-premises network, or connect multiple VPCs to a central hub VPC using VPC Peering or Transit Gateway.
4. Shared Services VPC
- Another architecture approach is to have a Shared Services VPC. This VPC connects to other VPCs (via VPC Peering or Transit Gateway) and serves as a central location for resources like a shared database, DNS, or other services.
Key Takeaways:
- Virtual Private Gateway (VGW) is meant for a single VPC to an on-premises connection, not multiple VPCs.
- For multiple VPCs, consider using Transit Gateway, VPC Peering, or other solutions like Shared Services VPC.